Disease and insect control of litchi and longan

Author:Dekenag  Alice

As the warm winter weather is conducive to the disease and insect overwintering, all areas should strengthen the fruit plant pest survey, effective pest control work. At present, the main diseases and insect control of fruit trees are as follows:

I. occurrence dynamics:

1. Lychee and longan bug elephant: the juice of the tender shoot, tender bud, flower ear and young fruit of longan is absorbed by adults and nymphs, which seriously affects the normal growth of new shoots, resulting in falling flowers and fruits and affecting the quality of fruit. According to the survey in guiping station, there were 6~15 lichee, 3~5 lychee, 7~15 longan, and 3~5 lychee. The predicted occurrence is moderate (level 3), and the incubation period of nymph is from mid-late April to mid-may.

2. Downy epidemic mildew: it can occur from bud stage to maturity stage, and the prevention and treatment of bloom stage in late April and mature harvest period in early July in late June should be done well.

3. Lychee gall mite: the main producing areas of litchi all have different degrees of occurrence. The damage rate of spring tip is 3-8%, generally 1.5-3 heads. Mainly for litchi, longan new shoots, leaves, buds, flowers and young fruit, serious occurrence of the damaged leaves dry and withered, affecting tree potential.

4. Pedicle borer: four generations occur annually, the second generation of young fruits from late April to early may is harmful, the third generation in mid-late may is harmful during the period of fruit enlargement, and the fourth generation of the fourth generation is harmful during the mature period of fruit in mid-late June.

II .Opinions on prevention and treatment

1. Strengthen monitoring. Plant protection departments at all levels should seize the key period of the occurrence of fruit diseases and pests, do a good monitoring and warning, and guide local fruit farmers to do a good prevention and control work.

2. Physical prevention. Installation of vibration type insect killing lamp can lead to killing beetle.

3. Agricultural control. Strengthen field management and scientific irrigation and fertilization. In particular, the collection of fruit deep buried work to reduce the source of disease and insect. It can also be supplemented by the artificial killing of lychee bug elephant, cockchafer, etc. (shaking branches shake off adult insects on the ground to concentrate killing).

4. Chemical control. To master the timely selection of high efficiency pesticides in the early stage of disease and the early stage of insect pest, as well as the application and prevention of pesticides according to product specifications or under the guidance of plant protection technicians. Agents should be used interchangeably or mixed according to the occurrence of disease and insect.

The control of lychee stink bug can be treated with insecticides such as chlorpyrifos, armor-piercing ammunition and anti-insect spirit.

In the control of litchi gall mite, avidin, acarus acarus and acarus acarus can be used.

For the prevention and treatment of downy phytophthora mildew, polymycin and other agents can be used.

In order to control pedicle borer, we can use five agents such as gold diao and one diao.

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